Methods are data too: an SBTN case study
Companies are acting on nature, but slowly, and it isn’t for lack of trying. A 2026 McKinsey analysis found that 28% of Fortune Global 500 companies had targets across three or more nature dimensions, up from 16% in 2022.
Nature data is dense, place-based, and complex. Nature benefitted from the engagement that turned climate change into a boardroom concern. As corporate awareness of environmental issues has matured, the challenge with nature hasn’t been convincing the private sector that nature risk is worth addressing; it’s figuring out how to address nature loss at scale, with the urgency nature needs.
Nature data and methodologies are complex because nature is complex. Scientific methodologies and corporate implementation guidelines have different jobs, and they normally have different audiences. But in corporate nature, the science and the implementation guidance are evolving concurrently, so users are exposed to more of the underlying rationale than they normally would be. These rationales and explanations enhance the rigor of nature-related methodologies but can hamper their uptake when the corporate user needs clarity, brevity, and methodological stability. According to a 2026 OECD report, “the proliferation of standards and reporting frameworks also creates complexity, increasing transaction costs, uncertainty and the potential for duplication of efforts.” The complexity of nature data and the methodologies to address it have created an implementation challenge for companies.
Our first formal exposure to SBTN was on the validation team for the first land and freshwater pilot. Our role was to create the process that governed the extraction of the validation requirements from the SBTN methods, the first of their kind to support setting science-based targets across nature’s realms of land, freshwater, and eventually ocean. In the next land and freshwater pilot, we were on the other side, leading a multinational company through the methods, which had been updated since our first exposure.
So how do we separate the wheat from the chaff? Methodologies help us understand how to handle data, but methodologies themselves are data. Take the Science Based Targets Network (SBTN) as an example. SBTN is to the Taskforce on Nature-related Financial Disclosures (TNFD) what the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) is to the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures (TCFD). Science-based targets for nature are a complementary part of a program that includes consideration of corporate pillars like governance, strategy, risk and impact management, and metrics and targets to measure progress.
By breaking down the documents into their parts via a qualitative content analysis, you can (1) streamline how a user navigates the methods, and (2) make it easier for enterprise programming to evolve as methodologies do. This is what led us to create this resource: The SBTN Steps 1 & 2 Process Map.